Nyalai
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Examining the evidence behind systematic investment strategies

The problem is no longer producing strategies.
It is knowing which deserve to be trusted.

Know, don't believe.

Nyalai returns binary verdicts on probabilistic systems in quantitative finance. Every candidate is examined against five adversarial validation gates; a gate that does not apply, or cannot be computed, is reported as such. Every published verdict is dated and publicly citable. The strategies Nyalai evaluates operate in the fourth quadrant of decision-making, where payoffs are complex and tails are fat. The gate specifications and thresholds are published under Creative Commons Zero.

Two constructed specimens

What a refusal looks like, and what passing would look like.

Both forms below are constructed specimens, not verdicts. The first shows a refusal: a strategy passes Gate 1a, fails Gate 2 and is not tested further. The second shows what a CALIBRATED form would look like. The published verdict-forms and their status are listed further down this page.

SPECIMEN · NOT A VERDICTPhone displaying Specimen N-01, a constructed example, Doctrine v0.3.3.1, NOT-CALIBRATED, marked specimen, not a verdict. Gate 1a DSR 0.968 PASS. Gate 2 regimes: crisis Sharpe −4.57, interval −7.63 to −1.73, FAIL. Gates 3, 4 and 5 not tested. Constructed regimes, HMM not run. Stopped at Gate 2.SPECIMEN N-01 · CONSTRUCTED EXAMPLENot a verdict · constructed regimes, HMM not runRead the specimen →SPECIMEN · NOT A VERDICTPhone displaying Specimen R-01, a constructed example, Doctrine v0.3.3.1, CALIBRATED, marked specimen, not a verdict. Gate 1a DSR 0.97 PASS. Gate 2 regimes 3 of 3 positive PASS. Gate 3 permutation p 0.018 PASS. Gate 4 calibration ECE 0.031 PASS. Gate 5 confidence interval 0.024 to 0.118 PASS. No audit hash, constructed.SPECIMEN R-01 · CONSTRUCTED EXAMPLENot a verdict · figures not observed on any systemRead the specimen →

Illustrations made with AI assistance.

The industry we operate in

The multiple-testing problem, in one number and one definition.

Hundreds of factors have been proposed to explain returns, and a significance threshold built for a single test does not hold when so many are tried.

316
Factors proposed to explain the cross-section of expected returns
At least 316 by the authors' count, catalogued from 313 articles: 250 published, mainly in top finance, economics and accounting journals, and 63 working papers. The authors conclude that many of these factors are likely false discoveries, and that a new factor should now clear a t-statistic of 3.0 rather than 2.0.
Harvey, Liu & Zhu… and the Cross-Section of Expected Returns · Review of Financial Studies 29(1), 5-68 · 2016
PBO
Probability of backtest overfitting
The probability that the configuration chosen as best in-sample ranks below the median of all tested configurations out-of-sample. It is estimated separately for each selection process.
Bailey, Borwein, López de Prado & ZhuThe probability of backtest overfitting · Journal of Computational Finance 20(4), 39-69 · 2017
The problem

Where strategies operate: the fourth quadrant.

In the taxonomy Nassim Taleb published in 2008, decisions divide along two axes: whether the payoff structure is simple or complex, and whether the underlying randomness lives in thin-tailed or fat-tailed distributions. Quantitative strategies operate in the complex-and-fat-tailed region: nonlinear payoffs, unbounded loss possibilities, regime shifts. Our doctrine argues that this is where statistical inference is hardest and model failures most costly. Nyalai's position is that systems operating there warrant an additional adversarial layer, external to the party that built them. That is Nyalai's position, not a regulatory requirement. Supervisory guidance on model risk management, in the United States SR 26-2 of April 2026, which superseded SR 11-7, is addressed to banking organizations.

Nyalai does not eliminate Fourth Quadrant risk. Nyalai makes the decisions rendered under that risk auditable, and refuses strategies whose evaluation would require thin-tailed assumptions the underlying data does not support. The five gates are the operational form of that discipline. Each gate uses the statistical framework appropriate to its question, following the modular validation principle Joseph Simonian formalized in the Journal of Financial Data Science.

Published verdict-forms and historical evaluation

Verdict-form 002. Historical evaluation 001. Specimen R-01.

Each entry opens the full page. A verdict-form reports what was measured on a submitted system. The specimen is a constructed illustration of a passing form and is not a verdict.

Deployment vocabulary

Model Trust Levels.
From MTL-1 Untested to MTL-5 Live.

A shared vocabulary for how much trust to place in a probabilistic prediction system. Numbered ascending. Each level defined by empirical passage of specific gates. Each level attached to a publicly declared deployment context. Strict nesting. Binary per level. Publicly contestable. Time-bounded.

MTL1
Untested
No independent validation performed. No public methodology. No track record.
Pre-production research · Not for capital allocation
MTL2
Nominally Calibrated
Passes Gates 1 and 4 (statistical fragility and probabilistic calibration) on a documented ledger of at least 200 resolved observations.
Advisory signal · Never sole allocation signal
MTL3
Robustly Calibrated
Passes MTL-2 plus cross-regime robustness under a Hidden Markov Model. Failure modes documented publicly.
Multi-signal portfolio · Measured exposure with limits
MTL4
Adversarially Validated
Passes MTL-3 plus guided-search safety (Aronson & Masters 2013) and bootstrap confidence. Sovereignty rule enforced.
Primary allocation signal · Institutional scale
MTL5
Continuously Live-Validated
Passes MTL-4 plus rolling live verdict updates and automatic drift detection. Full audit trail to LPs on request.
Mission-critical live trading · Scaled deployment
Where verdicts live

The Verdicts newsroom.

Every verdict is a long-form artifact, dated and citable.

VerdictPublished Sep 28, 2026

Verdict-form 002: verdict withdrawn on an external submission

An external submission. Its verdict, published as NOT-CALIBRATED, was withdrawn by correction notice CN-003, with no conclusion on the strategy. The page keeps version 2 and the provisional annotation of version 2.1 as the record.